Polyphase relaxation circuit oscillator



Sept. 4, 1934. E 1,972,535

POLYPHASE RELAXATION CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR Filed May 14. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IF INVENTOR.

Sept. 4, 1934. R. M. PAGE 1,972,535

- POLYPHASE RELAXATION CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR Filed May 14. 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 JNVENT OR. 305m 912 8 M WNQA ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 4, 1934 o r 1,972,535

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE POLYPHASE RELAXATION CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR I Robert M. Page, Washington, D. 0.

Application May 14, 1930, Serial No. 452,499

Claims; (01. 250-36) My invention relates broadly to multi-phase showsa plurality of electron tubes indicated at 1, relaxation circuit oscillators and more particu- 2 and 3. Each of the tubes has independent input larly toa phase adjusting circuit for multi-phase and output circuits. Tube 1 has an input circuit oscillators. included between the. grid and cathode thereof in- 5 One of the objects of my invention is to procluding the shunt impedance 4 and the coupling 61 vide a circuit arrangement for controlling the capacity 5. The output circuit of electron tube 2 vector relation of the currents between the variincludes the impedance 6 and, high potential ous phases of a multi-phase relaxation circuit ossource 7, and thereis a connection between a point cillator. in the output circuit of tube 2 and a point in the '10 Another object of my invention is to provide a input circuit of tube 1. The output circuit of circuit for balancing or adjusting the phases of electron tube 1 includes impedance 8 and high a multi-phase relaxation circuit oscillator syspotential source 9. There is a connection betem independently of the character ofthe load tween the output circuit of tube 1 with the'input to which the oscillator is connected. circuit of tube 3 the connection being taken to Still another object of my invention is to proone side of the shunt impedance 10 and coupling vide circuits for correcting an unbalanced concondenser 11 which connects in shunt thereto. dition of a multi-phase relaxation circuit oscil- The output circuit of electron tube 3 includes the lator. impedance 12 and high potential source 13. The

Other and further objects of my invention input circuit of electron tube,2 including shunt "20 reside in the circuit arrangement for a. multiimpedance l4 and parallel connecting coupling phase relaxation circuit oscillator as set forth condenser 15 is connected to a point in the outmore fully in the specification hereinafter'followput circuit of electron tube 3. The cathodes of ing by reference to the accompanying drawings, the-electron tubes have been shownexcited by inin which: dependent potential sources indicated at la, 2a 25 Figure 1 illustrates a delta connected three and 3a. The circuit connections for theoscillator phase oscillator embodying the principles of my in Fig. 1 are shown arranged in delta, that is, the invention; Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic circuit artubes all have a portion of their input and output rangement of a modified form of delta connected circuit extending in a series path, closed upon three phase oscillator including the improvements itself. At the junctures of the input and output 30 of my invention; Fig. 3 is a Y connected three circuits of the several tubes,terminal connections phase oscillator employing the 'balancing'means are provided as illustrated at 16, 17 and 18 for for using the correction circuits of my invention; taking off the polyphase current generated in the and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatical' illustration of a several circuits. In order to balance the oscillator modified form of Y connected three phase oscilcircuits and provide an even distribution'of our- '35 lator showing the balancing circuits of my inrent in the several 'circuits,. I provide cross vention incorporated therein. coupling capacities which I have designated at 21,

My invention contemplates the accurate bal- 22 and 23., .For balancing the operation of the ancing of the circuits of a polyphase relaxation circuit connectedwith the electron tube 1, the circuit oscillator for controlling the vector relacoupling condenser 23 is connected between the 40 tionship of the currents in the several phases for plate electrode of electron tube 1 andthe grid insuring the operation of the circuits independent electrode of electron tube 2. For balancing the of the load. Heretof ore in a multi-phase relaxaoperation of electron tube 3,.a couplingcondenser tion oscillator system, a non-reactive load has so -21 is connected between the grid electrode of elecinfluenced the operation of "the oscillator system tron tube 1 and the plate electrode ofelectron tube 4t5 that a condition of unbalance has been produced 3. For balancing theoperation of electron tube 2, 1100 resulting in relatively poor emciency in the opera- I provide -a cross coupling condenser 22, disposed tion of the oscillator and destroying the stability between the plate electrode of electron tube 2 and of the oscillations which the circuits tend to estabthe gridelectrodei of electron tube 3. In other lish. I provide corrective measures'whereby'the words, a cross coupling. condenser is disposed be- 0 stability of the oscillations; in the relaxation cirtween the grid and plate electrodes of those tubes cult oscillator is insured andzthe vector; r'elation- .whichhave their output and input circuits coupled ship of the currentsin the various phases accurespectively. rately controlled independently of the character Where the output'circuit of one tube couples to of the load. the input circuit of the succeeding tube in the 55 R f n t t d aw s in mOIQdQtaiL'Fig. i delta association, Iprovide a balancing auxiliary circuit of electron "tube 1. the cross cou-plmgrelationship balanced operacondenser disposed between the grid of the first tube and the plate of the second tube, respectively. In Fig. 1, I have shown the impedances in the delta connection formed by resistances. I may employ inductance elements in lieu of resistance elements as shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 2 the input circuit of electron tube 1 connects with secondary winding 25b of transformer 25. Primary winding 25a'is inductively related to the secondary winding 25b and is disposed in seri s in theoutput circuit of electron tube 2. Thus I provide an inductive coupling between the output circuit of electron tube .2 .and

the input circuit of electron tube 1. "Tn-ere. is:

also however a conductive connection between the output circuit of electron tube 2 w.ith the input circuit of electron tube 1 as indicated by conductor 30. That is, a portion of the outpu'tcircuit of electron tube 2 is connected in conunoir'with'thc input circuit of electron tube 1. The output circuit of electron tube 2 is completed from the plate circuit of'the tube through primary winding 25c and battery? to the cathode of the electrontube 2; which is heated from battery 2a. The electron tube"2' has itsin-put circuit completed through secondary winding 262) which is coupled to prima-ry winding 26a of the transformer 26. There is a 'c'onduct'ive connection between the input circuit of electron tube 2 and the plate" electrode of electron tube3 as hasbeen shown at 31. The-output circuit of electron tube 3 is completed through battery 13 and the cathode of electron tube 3, which cathode is heated from battery 3a. The inputcircuit of electron tube 3 includes secondary winding 24?) of transformer 24 which has primary winding 24a inductively coupled thereto.- The output circuit of electron tube 1 includes the anode of electron tube 1, the primary winding 24a of transformer 24, the high potential source 9 and the cathode of the electron tube 1, which is heated' from'baittery la. The output circuit of electron tube 1 is conductive'ly connected with a point in theinput' circuit of electron tube 3 by means of conductor '32, as shown;- The tluee phase oscillations which are established by the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. '2 are stabilized and the several circuitsbala'nced by theconnection of condensers 21, 22 and '23 in the cross coupling relationship shown. That is, condenser 21-connects between a point in the input circuit-of electron tube 1 and a point in the output circuit of electron tube 3, it being observed that the out put circuit of electron tube :1 is magnetically coupledwiththe input circuit ofelectron tube B. The condenser 22 is disposed between the grid electrode of electron tube 3 and the plate electrode of electron tube 2;itbeing observed that the output circuit o'felectron tube 3' iscoupled. with the input circuit of electron tube 2.: Similarly condenser 23 is disposed between the grid electrode of electron tube 2 and theplatee'lectrode of electron tube 1, it being observed :thatthe" output circuit of electron tube'2iscoupled to the :input By'the adjustment of tionpof the oscillator system is obtained. 1

In each of the diagramsI have indicated that the'condenser's '2l, 22 and 23 are variable. By

varying "these condensers" balance is obtained: in

the circuit. One -or'more ofthe condensers may be adjusted; in diiierent capacity" relationships for completing the balanced conditionbf the circuits'w-ith such precision thatzpolyphase operation of'the circuitsmay be maintained; In lieu of the delta' connections in Eigsal. and :21 may arrange the parts of the circuit in a star or Y connection.

In Fig. 3 the parts of the circuit are shown arranged in star or Y with the resistance elements 4, 14 and 10 connected in shunt with the input circuits of tubes 1, 2and 3, respectively. The

coupling condensers are shown at 5, 11 and 15 disposed between the input and output circuits of adjoining tubes in the star connection. The balancing condensers are shown at 21, 22 and 23 connected between the plate and grid electrodes of {adjoining tubes, Impedances which may be either resistance or inductance are connected in the-circuits'in the positions Z1, Z2 and Z3. All of the plate circuits are supplied with potential from battery 27. The cathodes of the several tubes are brought up to electron emitting temperature by means of battery 28 under control of rheostat 29.:

In Fig. l I have shown a star or Y connection for the several circuits wherein the input and output circuits of adjacent tubes are coupled through transformer 24, 25 and 26. The output circuit or" tube 1 includes primary winding 24a of transformer 24 which is inductively coupled to secondary winding 24?) which connects across the input circuit of electron tube 3. The output circuit of electron tube 3 includes primary winding 26a of transformer 26 which is inductively coupled to the secondary winding 261), which isincluded in the input circuit of electron tube 2. Tra'nsformer 25 has its primary winding 25a connected in the output circuit of electron tube .2 and its secondary winding 25!) connected in the input circuit of electron tubcl. The balancingcondensers are shownat 21, 22 and 23 connected between the input and output circuits of adjacent tubes and adjustable to equalize the distribution of current in several parts of the circuit for balancing the operation of the polyphase system. The supply of plate potential and filament heating potential is obtained in a manner similar to theprovisions of Fig. 3. The taps constituting the'take-off circuit for the polyphase system connect at 16', 17 and 18 in a manner similar to the connections provided in the circuit arrangements heretofore illustrated. In all the figures it will be noted that the anode of each tube is'coupled to the grid of each othertube :but is electrically isolated from the" grid of its own tube. In a polyphase system employing more than three tubes, this condition will also obtain. The connections from each anode to the grids of the other tubes form part of the oscillating circuit.

I have'found that the polyphase circuits of my invention are stable'in operation at any frequency within the range for which the circuits are desired to be operatedand that the circuits maybe understood that modifications may be made and that no limitations upon my invention are intended other than are imposed by the scope of the appended claims.

, What I claim as new and desire to secure by .L'ettersPatent of the United States is as follows:

7 a 1. Ina polyphase oscillator, a plurality of-electron tubes-each having cathode, anode and grid,

circuits interconnecting said tubes in electrical rotation, the "anode of each tube being electrical-1y isolated from the grid of said tube, a circuit comprising-amimpedance-connecting the anode of each tube to the grid of the tube adjacent thereto in one sense of rotation, and a phase adjusting variable condenser connected between the anode of each tube and the grid of the tube adjacent thereto in the opposite sense of rotation.

2. A polyphase oscillation generator comprising a plurality of electron tubes exceeding two in number connected in endless tandem for amplification in one direction of rotation and means including capacitive couplings between the output circuit of each tube and the input circuit of the tube in the opposite direction of rotation for adjusting the phase displacement of the currents supplied by said oscillation generator to a polyphase load.

3. A polyphase oscillation generator comprising a plurality of at least three discharge tubes each provided with a cathode, a control electrode and an anode, means for applying suitable differences of potential between said control electrodes and said cathodes also between the latter and said anodes, means intercoupling the output circuit of each tube with the input circuit of another tube rotatively in one direction, and balancing means intercoupling the output circuit of each tube with the input circuit of another tube rotatively in the opposite direction whereby said generator may be caused to feed to a load polyphase oscillatory energy having equal displacement between phases.

4. A multistage generator of polyphase alternating current comprising a plurality of at least three electron discharge devices, appropriate input and output circuits interconnecting said devices in endless tandem stages whereby said devices are caused to amplify from stage to stage rotatively in one direction, a polyphase load symmetrically connected to the output circuits of said devices and balancing means intercoupling the output circuit of each device with the input circuit of another device rotatively in the opposite direction whereby the phase angles of the currents supplied by said generator to said load may be equalized.

5. A polyphase generator comprising a plurality of electron tubes having input and output circuits, coupling means interposed between the output of one tube and the input of the following tube, said means tending to amplify said currents from tube to tube rotatively in one direction whereby said tubes interdependently operate to produce polyphase oscillations, means including a load for taking off current from the output circuits of the several tubes and means including variable couplings between said tubes operating rotatively in the opposite direction for compensating for an unbalanced condition of said load which would otherwise distort the normal displacement between phases.

7 ROBERT M. PAGE. 

